How to guide
Why this matters
Bank accounts in the deceased's sole name are frozen at death until the estate is settled or a small estate affidavit is presented. Joint accounts often transfer immediately to the surviving owner.
Step by step
- Make a list of all known accounts. Check the deceased's checkbooks, bank statements, online accounts, and tax returns.
- Visit each bank in person with: a certified death certificate, your government ID, and (if you are the executor) your Letters Testamentary or Letters of Administration.
- For joint accounts with right of survivorship: the survivor automatically becomes sole owner. Bring the death certificate to have the deceased's name removed and update the signature card.
- For payable on death (POD) accounts: the named beneficiary presents ID and the death certificate, and the funds are transferred without probate.
- For sole accounts: if the total estate is under the state small estate threshold, present a small estate affidavit. If larger, you need Letters Testamentary from probate court.
- Check the safe deposit box. Some states require court inspection before opening; others allow access with a death certificate and key.
- Set up direct deposit redirects for any automatic deposits (pension, Social Security) and stop any automatic payments.
Forms you will need
- Small estate affidavit (if applicable)
- Letters Testamentary or Letters of Administration
- Certified death certificate
State by state notes
Small estate thresholds vary by state. See your state probate guide for the threshold and process.
Common mistakes to avoid
- Continuing to use the deceased's ATM or debit card after death. This is illegal even if you were a co-signer.
- Withdrawing funds from a joint account before notifying the bank. Some banks will require documentation later.
- Forgetting to redirect automatic deposits and payments.
What to do if you get stuck
If the bank is unresponsive or asking for documentation you do not have, ask to speak to the bank's estate services or trust department. They handle these situations regularly.
Frequently asked questions
Can I withdraw money from my deceased spouse's account?
Joint accounts: yes, you are now sole owner. Sole accounts: not until you have authority from the court or a small estate affidavit.
What happens to automatic payments and deposits?
Automatic deposits should be stopped (Social Security must be returned for the month of death). Automatic payments should be canceled to avoid overdrafts.
How long does it take to close an account?
Joint accounts: same day with a death certificate. Sole accounts: same day with Letters or a small estate affidavit; otherwise frozen until probate completes.
What about the safe deposit box?
Rules vary. Some states require a court order or inventory before opening. Others let a co-renter or person with the key access it with the death certificate.
Do I need to bring the original death certificate every time?
Yes for the initial closure. Each bank wants to keep an original certified copy.